Shira icyuma nicyuma: Ni izihe nyungu zabo nibibi?

Byuma nicyuma byombi nibyuma bizwi, ariko akenshi bikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye.Ikintu cyingenzi gitandukanya kimwe nubundi ni bingana iki karubone irimo, kandi ku rugero ruto, ingano ya silicon.Mugihe ibi bisa nkaho bitandukanijwe neza, bifite ingaruka zikomeye kumiterere no gukoresha ibyuma nicyuma.
Shira Icyuma: Inyungu nogukoresha

Kimwe nicyuma, ibyuma bikozwe mubyuma.Nyamara, kugirango ufatwe nk'icyuma, icyuma kigomba kuba gifite karuboni 2-4% hamwe na silikoni 1-3% kuburemere.Iyi chimie itanga ibyuma hamwe nibintu byinshi byingirakamaro:

Ibyuma bikozwe mubyuma birashobora kugabanywa mubyuma byicyatsi, icyuma cyera, ibyuma byangirika, nicyuma cyoroshye.Buri bwoko bwibanda ku kunoza imitungo imwe nimwe ikoreshwa, nkuburemere bukomeye mubyuma byera.
Imikoreshereze yicyuma iragutse cyane, ariko hano haribintu bike bigaragara:

Shira icyuma gikaranze nibindi bikoresho
Moteri yimodoka ihagarika, disiki ya feri, nibindi bice byinshi
Amarembo y'uruzitiro rwo guturamo, amatara ashushanya, ibikoresho byo gucana, nibindi bikoresho
Imyanda, ibikoresho, hamwe na manhole bipfunyika mumazi no gukoresha imyanda
Iminyururu, ibikoresho, shitingi, guhuza, nibindi byinshiSteel: Inyungu nogukoresha
Icyuma: Inyungu nogukoresha

Bisa nicyuma, ibyuma nibyuma bishingiye kumyuma hamwe nibyiciro bitandukanye.Ibyuma byose bifite karubone kugeza kurwego rwa 2% kuburemere kandi birashobora kugabanywamo ibyuma bya karubone cyangwa ibyuma bivanze.

Birashobora kugabanywamo ibice bike bya karubone, ibyuma bitagira umwanda, ibyuma byabikoresho, ibyuma bya microalloyed, nibindi byinshi.Mugihe ibi bishobora gutanga inyungu nyinshi zinyongera, nkimbaraga nyinshi hamwe no kurwanya ruswa ziva mubyuma bitagira umwanda, iyi ngingo izibanda ku byuma bivangwa nicyuma nkibisobanuwe na ASTM A148.

Kubera ko ibyuma bikozwe bihenze kuruta ibyuma, ibyiza byingenzi kuruta ibyuma ni:

Imbaraga za Tensile - Ukurikije amavuta yakoreshejwe, ibyuma birashobora kuba bifite imbaraga zingana cyane kuruta icyuma.
Gukomera / Guhindagurika - Mugihe gikomeye, ibyuma birashobora guhinduka (by'agateganyo cyangwa burundu) bitavunitse.Mugihe ibi bishobora gusobanura gukomera mubisabwa bimwe, bigabanya amahirwe yo gucika kandi bivuze imikorere myiza.
Gusudira - Ukurikije ibivangwa byakoreshejwe, ibyuma bitanga gusudira neza, mugihe ibyuma bikozwe bigoye gusudira bidateye gucika.
Mugihe guhimba, kuzunguruka, no guta byose birashoboka kubicuruzwa byibyuma, bimwe mubikorwa byingenzi byibanze kumyuma ni:

Ibiziga bya gari ya moshi, amakadiri, na bolsters
Imashini zicukura amabuye, ibikoresho byubwubatsi, namakamyo aremereye
Amapompo aremereye, indangagaciro, hamwe nibikoresho
Turbocharger, moteri ya moteri, nibindi bice byimodoka
Turbine nibindi bice mubiterane byamashanyarazi

Imashini zikoreshwa mu byuma no mu byuma:
Gukora ibyuma rwose biroroshye kandi bihendutse kumashini kuruta ibyuma, ariko imashini iratandukanye cyane hagati ya alloys.Niba rero urimo gutegura ibicuruzwa bisaba ibikorwa birebire byo gutunganya, birashobora kuba byiza gusubiramo ibivangwa kugirango ubone kimwe gifite imashini nziza.

Ariko nubwo waba ugarukira kubikoresho bigoye cyane, iduka ryimashini yo mu rwego rwisi, irashobora kugabanya igihe cyo gukora kugirango uzigame amafaranga yo gukora.Reka dutange serivisi zihuse kandi zizewe zo gutunganya ibikoresho bya sosiyete yawe hamwe nubwoko bwibicuruzwa.